Ognition and Behaviour, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands Correspondence: [email protected]: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of vascular dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies underline that platelets play a vital role in linking peripheral with central metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms. In this narrative assessment, we address the activation of platelets in metabolic syndrome, their effects on neuronal processes and the role in the mediators (e.g., serotonin, platelet-derived growth factor). emerging evidence shows that nutritional compounds and their metabolites modulate these interactions–specifically, lengthy chain fatty acids, endocannabinoids and phenolic compounds. We reviewed the role of activated platelets in MX1013 Description neurovascular processes and nutritional compounds in platelet activation. Search phrases: platelets; metabolic syndrome; neurodegeneration; nutrientsCitation: Arnoldussen, I.A.C.; 7��-Hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one manufacturer Witkamp, R.F. Effects of Nutrients on Platelet Function: A Modifiable Hyperlink in between Metabolic Syndrome and Neurodegeneration Biomolecules 2021, 11, 1455. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/biom11101455 Academic Editors: Viviana di Giacomo, Massimo Micaroni and Sergio Oddi Received: 29 June 2021 Accepted: 30 September 2021 Published: 4 October1. Introduction Platelets, the smallest anucleate cells in our blood, can rapidly respond to environmental changes and are greatest recognized for their important contribution in hemostasis, thrombosis and wound healing [1,2]. At the similar time, platelet hyperactivity is located in metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of circumstances connected to abdominal obesity, lowered insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular abnormalities [3,4]. Interestingly, numerous dietary bioactive compounds are identified, such as n-3 extended chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), vitamins and polyphenols that not only play vital roles in the prevention and development of MetS, but are also involved in maintaining regular platelet function. Next to this, there is certainly growing scientific proof for any convergence of each fields of interest, MetS and platelets, on the subject of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia. On the a single hand, it can be a well-known observation that MetS increases the threat of progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia and also the incidence of vascular dementia and AD [5,6]. On the other hand, emerging information underline that platelets may perhaps play possibly vital roles in neurovascular signaling and blood rain interactions and thereby neurodegenerative problems such as AD, as was recently reviewed by Leiter et al. [7,8]. This raises the query of which function platelets could play within the interactions among peripheral metabolic dysregulation, inflammation and neurodegenerative processes, and regardless of whether dietary active compounds could have an effect on these processes. This really is underlined by recent insights demonstrating that platelets can take up, transport and secrete numerous mediators that happen to be of relevance for both MetS and brain neuronal and immunological functions, including the functionality in the blood-brain-barrier [7,8]. Furthermore, platelets, due to the fact of their size, can circulate within the capillaries (diameter ranges involving 3.0 and 7.0 [9]) of your brain. In addition, microvesicles secreted by platelets can cross the blood rain barrier (BBB). In far more detail, human platelets have a diameter ranging amongst 1.five and 3.0 along with the diameter of platelet secreted microvesicles can either variety betwee.
